Data and variables

Normally, the LI-720 reports flux results every 30 minutes with averages of biological and meteorological variables. It can be configured to provide the results in as short as five minutes or as long as one hour in five minute increments. In addition, high-speed raw data can be recorded at 10 Hz.

Flux results are reported to LI-COR Cloud via an IoE Module, stored in the IoE Module SD card, or logged to an external data logger. When enabled, raw data (10 Hz) are continually output over the RS-232 serial wires, and can be recorded to the IoE Module SD card or an external data logger.

Time stamp

When used with an IoE Module, the LI-720 does not use its internal clock. Instead, it enters an external trigger mode upon recieving the first trigger from the IoE Module via SDI-12. In this mode, the IoE Module controls the timing of flux intervals. The IoE Module clock is automatically aligned with time stamps from GPS satellites.

When not connected to an IoE Module or data logger that can trigger a measurement period, the LI-720 disciplines its internal clock to the GPS time stamp from its own GPS receiver. If the LI-720 recieves one trigger but no follow up trigger, it will self-trigger a new measurement period after 36,000 samples have been recorded (1 hour of raw data). This is a fallback; a properly configured data logger will issue the trigger command on a schedule of 5 to 60 minutes (30 minutes recommended).

All time stamps are logged in UTC with no offset. You can apply an offset for the local time zone manually on the IoE module or you can choose a time zone when you download data from LI-COR Cloud. The offset applied to the time stamp is indicated in the data file.

Note: When setting a time zone on the IoE Module, use Standard Time. Do not apply an offset for Daylight Saving time to prevent artificial gaps and overlaps in the time series.

When data from a sensor, such as LI-710 or LI-720, are requested by the IoE Module, data are delivered with time stamp from the IoE Module. Those results are delivered to LI-COR Cloud with the time data intact. LI-COR Cloud will read the time that is included with sensor data, and it uses that information to construct the time series for displayed parameters. When you download data from LI-COR Cloud, you can choose a time zone to be applied to the data. The time stamp will be adjusted by adding or subtracting hours. The offset is indicated in the time field (+0000 is UTC, -0006 is US Central Time, and so on).

Raw data

Raw data are provided at 10 Hz. You can view the data in the CarbonWare app or record it on the IoE Module or an external data logger.

Table 6‑1. Variables, definitions, and units for raw data.
Variable Description Units
IDX Index - a count at 10 Hz #
U Horizontal wind speed m s-1
V Horizontal wind speed m s-1
W Vertical wind speed m s-1
T_SONIC Air temperature computed from the vertical anemometer. °C
T_SONICH Air temperature computed from the horizontal anemometer. °C
SOS Speed of sound computed from the vertical anemometer. m s-1
TA Air temperature measured by the air temperature sensor. °C
RH Relative humidity measured by the RH sensor %
PA Air pressure kPa
V_r0    
V_w0 Detector voltage for water reference band Volts
V_c0 Detector voltage for CO2 reference band Volts
V_ref   Volts
V_h2o Detector voltage for H2O absorption band Volts
V_co2 Detector voltage for CO2 absorption band Volts
V_par Quantum sensor output voltage Volts
V_det Thermistor output voltage Volts
T_det Optical detector temperature. °C
T_src Optical source temperature. °C
RH_src Relative humidity inside the upper gas analyzer housing. %
VTX    
PITCH Offset from vertical front-to-back °
ROLL Offset from vertical side-to-side °
HEADING Offset from magnetic north °
Status Performance indicator #
SEQ   #
VIN Power supply voltage #
RSSI Residual signal strength indicator #
PPFD Photosynthetic photon flux density µmol m-2 s-1
H2O_ABS Optical absorption by H2O #
CO2_ABS Optical absorption by CO2 #
H2O Water vapor mol fraction mmol mol-1
CO2 Carbon dioxide mol fraction mmol mol-1
CO2_MOLAR_DENSITY Carbon dioxide molar density mmol m-3
H2O_MOLAR_DENSITY Water vapor molar density mmol m-3

Computed results

Computed results are fluxes over the thirty-minute period and averages of biological and meteorological parameters over the same period. Computed results can be logged to an external data logger (SDI-12), LI-COR Cloud via an IoE Module, or an IoE Module that is not connected to LI-COR Cloud. The parameters delivered are the same.

When retrieved from LI-COR Cloud, the file will be presented as text or a MS Excel spreadsheet. The file name is the date of the dataset. The time stamp is in UTC. If a time zone offset it applied, it is indicated in the data. After extracting the compressed data, you'll see one file for each component that contributed data. You may have one file from the LI-720 and one from the IoE Module. Additional files may be present if other devices are connected to the IoE Module.

Table 6‑2. Parameters reported by the LI-720 via the SDI-12 protocol. All parameters are reported to LI-COR Cloud automatically.
Variable Description Units Precision Group
FCO2 CO2 Flux umol m-2 s-1 3 0
H2O_FLUX H2O Flux mmol m-2 s-1 3 0
ET Evapotranspiration mm 3 0
LE Latent heat flux W m-2 3 0
H Sensible heat flux W m-2 3 0
TAU Momentum flux kg m-1 s-2 3 0
SAMP_CNT Sample count # 0 0
SEQ Sequence number # 0 0
WD Wind direction degrees 2 1
WS Windspeed m s-1 3 1
OFFSET Offset from magnetic north degrees 2 1
U_SIGMA Standard deviation of U m s-1 3 1
V_SIGMA Standard deviation of V m s-1 3 1
W_SIGMA Standard deviation of W m s-1 3 1
T_SONIC_SIGMA Standard deviation of sonic temperature C 2 1
TILT Sensor tilt degrees 0 2
FLUX_SSITC_TEST Bit field of stationary and integral turbulence test # 0 2
USTAR Friction velocity m s-1 3 2
MO_LENGTH Monin-Obukhov length m 3 2
T_SONIC Sonic temperature C 3 2
TA_SONIC Sonic temperature corrected for humidity C 3 2
CO2 CO2 mole fraction umol mol-1 3 2
H2O H2O mole fraction mmol mol-1 3 2
AH Absolute humidity g m-3 2 3
RH Relative humidity % 2 3
SVP Saturated vapor pressure kPa 2 3
VPD Vapor pressure deficit kPa 2 3
PA Atmospheric pressure kPa 2 3
TA Air temperature (not sonic) C 2 3
TD Dewpoint temperature C 2 3
PPFD Photosynthetically active radiation umol m-2 s-1 1 3
INST_PWR Instrument Power W 2 4
INPUT_V Input Voltage V 2 4
DIAG Diagnostic Value # 0 4
RSSI Signal Strength # 0 4
U_RECORDS Number of Valid U Records # 0 5
V_RECORDS Number of Valid V Records # 0 5
W_RECORDS Number of Valid W Records # 0 5
TSONIC_RECORDS Number of Valid TSONIC Records # 0 5
CO2_RECORDS Number of Valid CO2 Records # 0 5
H2O_RECORDS Number of Valid H2O Records # 0 5
TA_RECORDS Number of Valid TA Records # 0 5
PA_RECORDS Number of Valid PA Records # 0 5
RH_RECORDS Number of Valid RH Records # 0 5
PAR_RECORDS Number of Valid PAR Records # 0 5
SITE_ALTITUDE Altitude at the site m 2 6
SITE_LATITUDE Latitude at the site degrees 5 6
SITE_ZGEOM Sensor height above ground m 2 6
SITE_ZCANOPY Canopy height m 2 6
SITE_NOFFSET User or default north offset degrees 1 6